Thermistor - definition
Thermistor - definition
A thermistor is a semiconductor electronic component whose resistance shows a strong dependence on temperature. The name 'thermistor' is derived from the English term 'thermal resistor', reflecting the function of this component as a resistor that responds to changes in ambient or self-temperature. Unlike classical resistors, the change in resistance in a thermistor is non-linear and can be very large even with small changes in temperature.
Thermistors are divided into two main types: NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient), in which the resistance decreases as the temperature increases, and PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient), in which the resistance increases as the temperature increases. The materials used for thermistors are usually metal oxides such as manganese oxide, nickel, cobalt or titanium, whose conductive properties are precisely controlled during the manufacturing process.
NTC thermistors are commonly used in temperature measurement and control systems, temperature compensation systems, protection against overvoltages and in devices for limiting inrush currents. PTC Thermistors, on the other hand, are used in protective functions as self-contained overcurrent fuses and control elements in electric heating systems.
Parameters relevant to the performance characteristics of a thermistor include its resistance temperature coefficient, temperature operating range, time constant and nominal resistance value. Precise modelling of the temperature dependence of resistance is often done using Steinhart-Hart type equations or exponential expressions to describe the characteristics of NTC thermistors. In applications requiring high-precision measurement, thermistors can be integrated into signal conditioning circuits, providing response linearisation and improving the accuracy of sensing systems.
Transfer Multisort Elektronik (TME) is one of the world’s largest global distributors of electronic components, electrotechnical parts, workshop equipment, and industrial automation. The catalog includes over 1,500,000 products from 1,300 leading manufacturers. TME’s modern logistics centers in Łódź and Rzgów (Poland), with a combined area of over 40,000 m², ship nearly 6,000 packages daily to customers in more than 150 countries.
TME also invests in the development of knowledge and skills of young engineers and electronics enthusiasts through the TME Education project, and supports the tech community by organizing the TechMasterEvent series, promoting innovation and experience exchange.
